ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Bipolar II disorder

Bipolar II disorder is a type of mental illness that affects the way people feel and think.

When people have bipolar II, they can experience two different emotions, and these emotions swing back and forth. Sometimes they feel really happy and lively, like they can do anything they want, and this is called a "mania." Other times, they feel really down and sad, like nothing is good, and this is called a "depression."

It's important to note that bipolar II disorder is different from bipolar I disorder because the highs (called "mania") in bipolar II aren't as extreme. Instead, people with bipolar II have episodes of hypomania, which is a milder form of mania.

When someone is in a manic state, they may feel like they have endless energy, can't sleep, and talk really fast. They may also have grandiose (big) ideas and behave recklessly. When someone is in a depressive state, they may lose interest in things they normally enjoy, feel hopeless or guilty, and have trouble sleeping.

Bipolar II disorder is diagnosed by talking with a doctor or therapist who will ask questions about how the person has been feeling, and how this has been impacting their life.

If someone is diagnosed with bipolar II, they'll usually receive treatment such as therapy and/or medication. The goal of treatment is to help the person feel better and manage their mood swings so they can lead a fulfilling life.