Dual citizenship is when someone has two citizenships in two different countries. This means they can live, work, and travel in two countries. It can happen when someone is born in one country, but then their parents move to another, or they can apply to become a citizen of a different country. It can also happen when two countries have very close ties, like with some South American countries. For example, someone with dual citizenship in Brazil and Portugal can live, work, and travel in either country. It's like having two passports!