ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Functional differential equation

Functional differential equations are like regular equations you see in math class, but instead of having numbers like x and y, they use functions. Think of a function like a machine - you can put something (like a number) into the machine and something else (like another number) comes out. A functional differential equation is an equation that uses functions instead of numbers to help figure out what the "machine" should do.