ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Small multidrug resistance protein

Imagine you are a security guard for a castle. Your job is to make sure only the people who are supposed to be allowed in, get in. However, some bad guys try to get in with different tricks, like using disguises or secret tunnels. This is kind of what happens with bacteria.

Bacteria are very small living things that can make you sick. When you take medicine to get rid of bacteria, these tiny things sometimes find a way to fight back. They do this by making small multidrug resistance proteins.

Just like you, these small proteins act like security guards. But instead of a castle, they guard the bacteria. They sit on the outside of the bacterial cell and stop medicines from coming in. This way, the medicine can’t kill the bacteria.

It’s like putting a lock on a gate to stop people from getting in. Except in this case, the lock is the small multidrug resistance protein and the people are the medicines.

So, when doctors try to treat bacterial infections, they need to make sure they’re using medicines that can get past these small multidrug resistance proteins. Otherwise, it’s like trying to break through a locked gate to get to the bad guys inside the castle.