William Stanley Jevons was a very clever man who lived a long time ago in England. He was born in 1835 and grew up during a time when people were very interested in science and machines.
When he grew up, William Jevons studied different things to try and understand how things worked. He liked to think about how people made and used things, like the coal that was burned to heat homes or the chemicals used in factories to make cloth.
One of the things that William Jevons is most famous for is his work on economics. Economics is the study of how people use things to get what they want, like money or food. William Jevons was very interested in how people made choices about what they wanted to buy or sell, and how those choices affected the economy as a whole.
He came up with a theory that said people would only buy things if they thought the things they were buying were worth the money they were paying for them. He called this the "principle of marginal utility". This basically means that people will only buy things as long as the value they get out of it is greater than the cost they have to pay.
William Jevons also thought a lot about how people used energy, especially coal. He was worried that people were using too much coal and that it would run out soon. So, he came up with a way to measure how much energy was in coal and how much people were using. This helped people understand how much coal they needed to use to get what they wanted.
William Stanley Jevons was a very smart man who helped us understand how people make choices and use energy. His work is still important today and has helped us create a more efficient and sustainable way of using resources.