So basically, a really long time ago when some people from America were fighting in a big war with some people from France, they got really annoyed with each other. And after the war was over, some of the American soldiers wrote down all the things that they didn't like about the French people.
Those things were compiled into a list of 112 complaints, or "gripes," about the French. And even though it happened a long time ago, some people still talk about the 112 gripes today to show how two groups of people can have disagreements and not get along.