ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Absorption hardening

Okay kiddo, so you know how sometimes when we play with balls, they bounce off of us? That's because our bodies are soft and squishy, so the ball doesn't have a hard time going through us.

But some things are really tough and can't be squished easily. For example, when we build things with blocks, we can make some really tall towers that stay standing because the blocks are hard and don't collapse easily.

Now imagine we want to make something that's really hard and can't be broken easily, like a shield. So we need to make that shield out of something that's really hard, but sometimes even the toughest materials can still be broken.

That's where absorption hardening comes in. It's a process where a material, like steel, is heated up and then cooled in a specific way to make it even harder and more resistant to breaking.

To do this, we have to heat up the steel really hot, but not so hot that it melts. Then, we cool it down quickly by dipping it in water or oil.

This makes the steel change in a way that makes it much harder and difficult to break. It's like when we put ice cubes in hot water, they melt and then become solid again, but now they're harder and tougher to break.

So when we use absorption hardening, we can make things like shields or armor that can withstand a lot more force without breaking. Pretty cool, huh?