ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Action algebra

Action algebra is like playing with Lego blocks, but instead of building physical structures, we use special symbols and rules to define how objects can change over time.

Imagine you have a toy car and you want to make it move forward. You could write this action as "move car forward" using words. In action algebra, we use a shorthand notation to represent this action, like this:

```
move(car, forward)
```

We call this a "function," which takes two inputs: the car and the direction it should move in. This function is like a recipe - if we follow it correctly, we'll get the desired outcome (in this case, the car moving forward).

But what happens if there are obstacles in the car's path? We need to make some decisions based on the situation. Let's say there's a traffic jam ahead and the car needs to turn left instead. We can define a new function for this action:

```
turn(car, left)
```

Notice that we're using the same car as before, but now we're giving it a new command - to turn left.

We can combine these functions to create a more complex action. For example:

```
move(car, forward) -> turn(car, left)
```

This means that we should first move the car forward, and then turn it to the left. The symbol "->" is like an arrow pointing from the first function to the second - it tells us what order to do things in.

In action algebra, we use symbols like "->" and functions like "move" and "turn" to build up more and more complex actions. This allows us to describe all kinds of situations with varying levels of detail.

Just like with Lego blocks, there are rules we need to follow to make sure our actions work correctly. For example, if we try to turn the car left when it's already facing that direction, this won't have any effect. We call these rules "axioms," and they help us make sure our actions make sense in the real world.

Overall, action algebra is a way of describing how things change over time in a logical and precise way. It's like telling a story, where we string together a series of actions to create a narrative that makes sense.
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