Age adjustment is a way to make comparisons between people or groups of different ages. For example, let's say we have two people, a 10 year old and a 50 year old. If the 10 year old runs around the block one time, we can measure how far they ran. But if we compare that to the 50 year old who runs around the block one time, the 50 year old may have run much farther than the 10 year old. That's because the 10 year old is much younger than the 50 year old.
Age adjustment evens the playing field between different ages. To do this, we give each age group different points depending on how old they are. This way, if two people of different ages run the same distance, they get the same points. Then, we can compare the scores of different people and groups to learn more about them.