ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Anatolian hypothesis

Dear little one, the Anatolian hypothesis is a very interesting theory that tries to answer a big question: how did people start speaking different languages in the past?

A long time ago, there was a big group of people who spoke the same language. They lived in a place called the Indo-European homeland, which is somewhere in Eurasia (the big continent that has Europe and Asia). However, over time, these people started to move to different places and they started to change their way of life. They became farmers and herders, and they started to live in different regions with different environments.

When they moved to a new place, they had to adapt to the local conditions and that included learning how to grow new crops and how to deal with new animals. They also met other groups of people who had different languages and cultures. This led to some of the people start learning and using the languages of the other group.

One theory is that the people who lived in Anatolia (which is now modern-day Turkey) were one of the first groups of people who left the Indo-European homeland. As they moved to Anatolia, they started to speak a new language which developed into what we now call the Hittite language.

Over time, the Hittites became a powerful empire and their language spread and influenced other nearby languages. Some linguists believe that this language spread so much that it became the ancestor of many of the languages that we speak today in Europe and Asia, such as Greek, Latin, or Persian. This theory is called the Anatolian hypothesis.

So, in sum, the Anatolian hypothesis suggests that the Hittite language might be the key to how many of the languages that we speak today in Europe and Asia are related. Isn't that cool?