The Aruna Shanbaug case happened in India in 1973. Aruna was a nurse who worked in a hospital. One day, a cleaner in the hospital attacked Aruna and sexually assaulted her. The attack left Aruna severely injured and she fell into a coma. She stayed like this for more than 40 years, until she finally died in 2015.
The case is special because it became the first case in India where the court was asked to decide whether a person in a permanent vegetative state should be allowed to die or not. The court decided that Aruna should not be taken off the ventilator (the machine that kept her alive) and allowed her to die naturally.