Bog iron is a brownish-red material that is found in muddy areas. It forms when there's a lot of iron in the water, and the water is very still. Over time, the iron in the water starts to build up and makes a big chunk of this brownish-red material.
People have been using bog iron for a very long time to make things like tools and weapons. They would dig up the bog iron and then heat it up really hot to make it easier to work with. Then they would shape it into whatever they needed for their tool or weapon.
Some people still use bog iron today, but most of the things we need are made from different materials that are easier to get. But it's still interesting to learn about how people used to make things a long time ago!