Okay, so imagine you have a favorite toy car that you always play with. You love it so much and you take it everywhere you go. However, one day your friend comes over and tells you that he cannot play with you because your toy car has a special color that only white people are allowed to have. You are confused because you don't understand why the color of your toy car matters.
Buchanan v. Warley was like your toy car story, but instead of toy cars it was about buying and selling houses. In the United States a long time ago, there were unfair laws that said that black people and white people could only live in certain neighborhoods. If black people tried to buy a house in a neighborhood where white people lived, they would be told they cannot buy the house because of their skin color.
Mr. Warley, who was black, wanted to buy a house in a neighborhood where only white people lived. However, he was told that he could not buy the house because of his skin color. Mr. Warley did not think this was fair and wanted to challenge the law.
The case went to court and the judges had to decide whether the law was fair or not. The judges said that the law was not fair because it violated the Constitution, which is like the rules for the whole country. The judges said that people should be able to buy and sell houses no matter what their skin color is.
So, just like how you can play with your toy car no matter what color it is, people can buy and sell houses no matter what their skin color is. This case was important because it helped to make the laws more fair and equal for everyone.