ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Budgerigar colour genetics

Okay, let's imagine you have a big box of crayons. You love to color and draw pictures with them, right? Well, budgerigar color genetics is a bit like figuring out what colors you might find in that box of crayons when you draw a picture of a budgerigar bird.

First, it's important to know that budgerigars are often called "budgies" for short. Budgies come in lots of different colors, like blue, green, yellow, white, and more. But did you know that those colors are actually determined by genes, which are tiny parts in your body that help determine what you look like and how you grow?

Now, let's say you have a mommy budgie and a daddy budgie. Just like you get some of your genes from your mom and some from your dad, baby budgies also get genes from their parents. Some genes control the color of a budgie's feathers, while others control things like its size or behavior.

There are many different genes that can affect a budgie's color, but let's focus on a few of the most common ones. One gene is called "sex-linked recessive," which means that it only affects budgies who have two copies of the gene – one from mom and one from dad. This gene often causes blue or grey coloration in male budgies, while female budgies might have a mixture of blue and green feathers.

Another gene is called "dominant pied," which can create patches of white or light-colored feathers on an otherwise colorful bird. Then there's "lutino," which causes yellow or orange coloration, and "albino," which causes a pure white color.

So, in summary, budgerigar color genetics is all about understanding how different genes work together to determine a budgie's feather color. Just like coloring a picture with different crayons, each budgie is unique and has its own combination of genes that make it special.