The caliphate is a type of government that is based on Islamic religious laws. It is usually headed by a "Caliph" who is responsible for governing the people according to Islamic law. The Caliph is also responsible for leading the Muslims in religion and worship. A caliphate is usually ruled by a group of Muslim leaders who come together to make decisions. The Islamic laws that a caliphate follows are based on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and the Quran.