Caravaggio is a big hole on the moon. It's like when you dig a hole in the sand at the beach, but way bigger and it's on the moon! Scientists call it a "crater."
A long time ago, something hit the moon really hard and made a big hole. Think of it like when you throw a ball really hard at the ground and it makes a dent. Only this time it was something super big and powerful that hit the moon and made a really big dent in it.
Caravaggio is special because it's bigger than a lot of other craters on the moon and it has a really steep and tall wall, like a big bowl. It's named after a famous artist named Caravaggio who lived a long time ago. But he didn't actually have anything to do with the moon, it's just named after him because he was really good at painting.
Scientists like to study craters like Caravaggio because they can tell us a lot about the history of the moon and even the whole solar system. Cool, right?