The census in Turkey is when people in the whole country answer questions about who they are, where they live, and what they do for work. Just like when you and your classmates answer questions about yourselves in school, grown-ups in Turkey answer questions about themselves and their families to the government.
This helps the government understand how many people there are in each part of the country, what kind of jobs people have, and what kinds of services the government can provide to help people. It's like a big puzzle that the government puts together to figure out what the country needs to make things better for everyone who lives there.
The census in Turkey happens every ten years, so they don't have to do it too often. The next one is going to happen in 2023. By answering the questions truthfully, people help the government make important decisions and improve the country.