Chaff is like throwing glitter or confetti in the air to confuse someone who is looking for you. But instead of using glitter or confetti, people use tiny pieces of metal. When radar tries to find something, it sends out a signal that bounces off the object and comes back to the radar. This helps the radar see where the object is.
But if you release chaff, the tiny pieces of metal reflect the radar signal and make it look like there are lots of things in the sky. This confuses the radar and makes it hard for it to see the actual object it's looking for. This makes it hard for bad guys to find and attack things like planes or boats.
So chaff is kind of like a magic trick that helps keep things safe from prying eyes.