Okay kiddo, have you ever heard of a tribe? A chiefdom is kind of like a bigger version of a tribe. It's a group of people who live together and have one person who is the leader, the chief. The chief is in charge of making important decisions for the group, like where they will hunt, fish or farm. He or she helps keep everyone safe and makes sure they have the things they need to survive, like food and shelter.
In a chiefdom, there are also different people who have different jobs. Some people might be good at making things like pottery or baskets. Others might be hunters or warriors who protect the group. And some people might be in charge of teaching the children or taking care of the sick.
So, in a chiefdom, everyone works together and listens to the chief to keep things running smoothly. Does that make sense, kiddo?