When you go to the store to buy something, you usually have to pay for it with your own money, right? Well, imagine if your parents gave you a certain amount of money every month, and you could only buy things with that money. That is kind of like how China used to work a long time ago.
The government controlled most of the money and businesses in China. It decided what things cost, who could buy them, and who could sell them. But there were problems with this because people didn't always have what they needed or wanted.
So, in the late 1970s, the Chinese government decided to make some changes. They wanted to make it easier for people to buy and sell things, and they wanted to encourage businesses to grow.
To do this, they introduced some reforms, or changes, to the way things worked in China. They let people start their own businesses and buy and sell things on their own. They also made it easier for other countries to do business with China.
These changes worked really well. People had more choices and more opportunities. Businesses started to grow and make more money. China's economy became one of the biggest in the world.
Today, China is still working on making its economy better. They are trying to be more environmentally friendly, to help more people make money, and to make sure everyone can get what they need. All of these things are really important, because they help make China a better place for everyone to live.