So, have you ever heard of a country? It's like a big club that people can join if they're born there or if they move there and follow certain rules. When someone is a member of a country, we say they have citizenship.
But in some countries, it's harder for certain people to become citizens. That's kind of what happened with the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 in India.
The Indian government made a rule that said people from certain countries who are not already citizens of India can become citizens more easily, but only if they're a certain religion. This means that people who are not Muslim but are from certain countries can become citizens more easily, but people who are Muslim from those same countries can't.
This made some people very upset because they felt like it wasn't fair to treat people differently based on their religion. So there were protests and debates about whether this rule was good or bad for India.