ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Cold war (general term)

Okay kiddo, imagine you're playing a game of hide-and-seek with your friends. There's a big field outside and you and your friends are all hiding around different places. But while you're hiding, you start to hear strange noises and see weird shadows. You're not sure what's going on, but you know it's not good.

That's kind of what happened during the Cold War. The Cold War was a long time when two big groups of countries – one called the United States and their friends, and the other called the Soviet Union and their friends – were kind of playing a game of hide-and-seek. But instead of just trying to find each other, these two groups were also trying to show who was stronger, who was more powerful, and who was right.

Now, the funny thing was that these two groups never actually fought each other in a big war. They did send troops to fight in smaller wars, like in Vietnam and Afghanistan, but they never had a full-out war like you might see in a movie. Instead, they fought each other indirectly, like by spying on each other, by trying to get other countries on their side, and by building up really big armies and weapons.

And why did they do all of this? Well, it's because they had different ideas about how the world should work. The United States and their friends thought that people should be free to do what they want and that governments should be elected by the people. The Soviet Union and their friends thought that the government should control everything and that everyone should be equal.

So, for a long time, these two groups were scared of each other and always thinking about how they could protect themselves. They both built big armies with lots of weapons, like bombs and missiles, and they both tried to make friends with other countries so they would have more support in case something bad happened.

Luckily, the Cold War finally ended in 1991 when the Soviet Union broke apart into different countries. But people still talk about the Cold War today because it was a very important time in history, and it taught us a lot about how countries should work together instead of fighting and being scared of each other.
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