The Cultural Revolution was a period of time in China (from about 1966 to 1976) when the Chinese government tried to make big changes in their country. The government wanted to get rid of old ideas and beliefs and make China more modern and powerful. To do this, the government encouraged people to criticize anyone different from them to show their loyalty to the government. This caused a lot of people to be judged unfairly or even punished. The Cultural Revolution changed how people lived, worked, and even how they were allowed to dress.