In the Soviet Union, demokratizatsiya meant making the government more democratic or giving more power to the people. This was because the Soviet government was run by a small group of people, called the Communist Party, and most of the regular people did not have a say in how the country was run.
Demokratizatsiya was supposed to change that by allowing more people to participate in the decision-making process. For example, people were given the opportunity to vote for their local leaders and for members of the parliament, which was called the Supreme Soviet. There were also more independent newspapers and television stations that could report on what was happening in the country.
The idea was that by giving people more freedom and a say in what was happening, they would be happier and more productive, and the country would become better off overall.
However, demokratizatsiya was not always successful. Some people in the government were resistant to change, and there were still many restrictions on what people could say and do. In the end, the Soviet Union fell apart and was replaced by a more democratic system, but the legacy of demokratizatsiya lives on as an important part of Soviet history.