Dialectical realism is the idea that things in the world are always changing and growing, and the way to understand them is to look at both sides of an idea or situation. It means considering all the different sides of something instead of only one point of view. To explain it with an example, let's say someone is debating whether or not there should be space travel. One person might say that it's too expensive and there are dangerous risks, while another person might say it would open up amazing possibilities and opportunities. A dialectical realist would consider both views, think about how the plus points and negatives balance out, and come to their own opinion about the best way forward.