ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Differentiation under the integral sign

Differentiation under the integral sign is a way of computing a difficult kind of math equation. It helps us figure out the answer without having to do lots of long calculations. To start, imagine you want to turn a long equation with a lot of numbers into something simpler. You can do that by using the equation for differentiation under the integral sign. Basically, you take the equation and break it up into smaller pieces, then you can figure out the answer for each of the pieces. Once you have all the answers for each piece, you add them back together to get the answer to the whole equation!