Have you ever blown up a balloon and watched it get bigger and bigger? That's kind of like dilation! Dilation is a fancy word that means something is getting bigger or smaller.
In math, we use dilation to change the size of shapes. We can make them bigger or smaller, just like blowing up a balloon or letting the air out. We use a special number called a "scale factor" to change the size of the shape.
For example, let's say we have a shape with four sides, kind of like a square. If we want to make it bigger, we can use a scale factor greater than one. So if we use a scale factor of 2, then we double the size of each side of the shape. That means the shape becomes 2 times bigger than it was before!
On the other hand, if we want to make the shape smaller, we use a scale factor less than one. So if we use a scale factor of 0.5, then we halve the size of each side of the shape. That means the shape becomes half as big as it was before!
We can also use dilation to create patterns or designs. We can take a shape and make copies of it that are bigger or smaller, and then arrange them in a cool way. It's kind of like playing with Legos!
So that's what dilation theory is. It's like blowing up or shrinking a shape to make it bigger or smaller, and we use a special number called a "scale factor" to do it. Pretty cool, right?