Imagine you have a group of animals that you want to give names to but you don't have enough names for each one of them. So you start to describe them instead. You might say "the big cat" or "the white horse".
Well, sometimes people need to describe something and they don't have a name for it, or maybe they forgot the name. So they use describing words to help people understand what they mean.
The "Donkey sentence" is an example of a sentence that uses a lot of describing words to make sure you understand what they mean. It goes like this: "Wouldn't it be lovely if a donkey could fly up into the sky and look down over the world, but of course donkeys can't fly, silly."
It's called a "donkey sentence" because it's talking about a donkey, but it's also using a lot of describing words (like "lovely," "fly," and "silly") to make sure you understand that donkeys can't actually fly.
So, basically, a donkey sentence is just a sentence that uses a lot of describing words to help you understand what's being talked about.