ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Donor number

Donor number is like a secret code that helps us figure out how much a certain chemical likes to give away its electrons to another chemical. Think of it like a game where one chemical (let's call it Chemical A) has some electrons and wants to give them away to another chemical (let's call it Chemical B).

Now, imagine that Chemical B is standing there with its hand out, waiting for Chemical A to give it some electrons. But Chemical A might be shy or stubborn and not want to give away its electrons. That's where donor number comes in. It tells us how much Chemical A really wants to give away its electrons to Chemical B.

Donor number is measured on a scale from 0 to 100. The higher the donor number, the more likely Chemical A is to give away its electrons to Chemical B. So if Chemical A has a donor number of 50 and Chemical B has a lower number, Chemical A will happily give away its electrons to Chemical B. But if Chemical A has a donor number of 10 and Chemical B has a higher number, Chemical A might not want to give away its electrons.

This is important in chemistry because it helps us understand how different chemicals interact with each other. If we know the donor number of a chemical, we can predict how it will react with other chemicals and use that information to create new compounds and materials.