Okay kiddo, have you ever seen a map? It's like a picture of a big area with streets, mountains, and rivers. But how do we know where everything is on the map? Well, a long time ago people needed a way to measure the land so they could make accurate maps. This process was called a down survey.
The first thing you need to know is that land is just a big piece of ground. But how do you measure that big piece of ground? Well, people used a tool called a chain to do this. It's like a really long ruler that you can lay on the ground and see how far things are from each other.
Once they had the chain, they would go out and measure the land. They'd walk along the edges of the land and mark every boundary with a stone or stick. Then, they would measure the distance between these markers using the chain. This told them how big the land was and where all the edges were.
Now here's where it gets a little tricky. In the old days, the people who owned the land didn't always know how big it was. Sometimes they would sell the land to someone else without knowing exactly how big it was. This caused a lot of problems. So, the government decided to do something about it.
They sent out people to measure EVERY piece of land in the whole country. It took a very long time, but eventually, they had an accurate measurement of every plot of land in the country. This was called the down survey.
Now that they knew how big every piece of land was, they could make accurate maps and settle disputes between landowners. And that's how they used the down survey to create accurate maps of the land.