As a little kid, have you ever played a game of capture the flag with your friends? Well, a long time ago, some people really wanted to capture a lot of flags - but instead of flags, they wanted to capture countries and cities. These people were called Muslims, and they lived in a place called Arabia. Some Muslims wanted to spread their religion, Islam, to other places, and other Muslims were looking for new places to live and trade.
So they started going to new places and fighting the people there. They had swords and horses, and they were really good at fighting. They fought against the Byzantines, the Persians, and the people in North Africa. They won a lot of battles, and soon they were able to capture cities and make them part of their new empire.
But the Muslims didn't just fight and conquer, they also made friends with some of the people they met. They were able to get along with some of the Christian and Jewish people they met, and they even let them keep their own religions and beliefs. This was a big deal back then, because usually, when one group of people conquered another, they would force the conquered people to change everything about their lives.
The early Muslim conquests happened a long time ago, but they are still important today. Some people see the conquests as a good thing, because they helped spread Islam and brought new ideas and knowledge to different parts of the world. Other people see them as a bad thing, because they were violent and led to the loss of many lives. But no matter what you think, the early Muslim conquests are a big part of history, and they helped shape the world we live in today.