ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Ecological fitting

Ecological fitting is when different living things learn to live together in new ways, where they fit together just like the pieces of a puzzle. It’s kind of like when you put together your favorite puzzle and you find that some pieces fit perfectly even though they weren’t meant to go together.

Ecological fitting can happen in many ways. For example, let’s say that a predator such as a wolf is introduced into a new environment where there isn’t any other predator. The prey animals in that environment may never have encountered the wolf before, so they wouldn’t know how to escape from it. But over time, some of the prey animals may learn to avoid the wolf by hiding or running away, and the wolf may learn to catch the prey by adapting to its new environment. This is an example of ecological fitting because the predator and prey are adjusting to each other in a new ecosystem.

Another example of ecological fitting is when an invasive species is introduced into an environment where it wasn’t originally found. The invasive species may not have any predators in the new environment, which allows it to thrive and grow in number. Over time, the native species in that environment may learn to adapt to the presence of the invader, which may result in changes in behavior, such as not eating certain foods or avoiding certain habitats.

Ecological fitting is really important because it helps different living things to survive and thrive in new environments. It also helps provide balance to ecosystems, which is important for the health of the planet.