Element uniqueness problem

Imagine you have a bag of colorful candy. Each candy has its own color - red, blue green, pink, etc. You want to know if there are any candies that have the same color. This is called the element uniqueness problem.

To solve this problem, you would have to take out one candy at a time and compare its color to all the other candies you have already taken out. If you find one that has the same color, then you know that there are duplicate candies in the bag. However, if you go through all the candies and never find one with the same color, then you know that all the candies are unique.

Now imagine if you have a very large bag of candies with millions of candies inside. It would take a very long time to compare each one to all the others. That's why computers use algorithms to solve this problem much faster. They can sort the candies by color and then compare adjacent candies to see if they are the same color. This way, they can quickly determine if there are any duplicates in the bag or not.