ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Envy-free cake-cutting

Okay, so have you ever been to a party and there was only one cake to share with all of your friends? And sometimes, it can be hard to divide the cake equally so that everyone gets a fair share, right? That's where envy-free cake-cutting comes in!

Envy-free cake-cutting is a way to make sure that everyone gets a piece of cake that they think is a fair size. It's like a magic trick where everyone gets what they want and nobody feels jealous or upset.

Let's say you have a cake that you want to share with your friends. First, you need to decide how many slices you want to cut the cake into. Then, you use a special method to cut the cake that makes sure that every slice is the same size.

One way to do this is called the "cut and choose" method. You would start by cutting the cake into equal slices. Then, one person would get to choose the first slice they want. The next person would get to choose the second slice they want, and so on.

But here's the catch: the person who gets to choose first doesn't get to eat their slice right away. They have to wait until everyone else has chosen their slice. That way, they can't choose the biggest slice and make everyone else feel bad. Instead, they have to choose a slice that they think is fair and won't make anyone else feel jealous.

Envy-free cake-cutting is a fair way to divide a cake or any other kind of treat that you want to share with others. It helps ensure that everyone gets a piece that they feel is fair, and nobody feels left out or upset. Happy cake-slicing!