Okay kiddo, let's start with some basics. Do you know what ethanol is? It's a type of alcohol that people sometimes drink. But when we mix ethanol with things like water or other liquids, it can change the way those liquids act.
Now, let's talk about phospholipids. These are special molecules that make up the outer layer of our cells. They have a head, which likes being near water, and a tail, which doesn't like water. When we put phospholipids in water, they like to arrange themselves in a special way, with their tails all together and their heads facing the water.
But when we add ethanol to this mixture, something interesting happens. The ethanol can disrupt the way the phospholipids are arranged, causing them to form different shapes called non-lamellar phases. These phases aren't the normal flat layers that phospholipids usually form. Instead, they can be more like spheres or tubes.
Scientists are really interested in these non-lamellar phases because they could potentially be useful for drug delivery or other applications. But for now, just remember that when we mix ethanol with phospholipids in water, we can get some cool shapes that aren't normally seen!