ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Eulerian number

Eulerian numbers are like special numbers that tell us about how many different ways we can arrange things in a certain way. It's like when you have some toys and you want to put them in different boxes. The boxes are like the places where we want to put the toys, and the toys are like the things that we want to arrange.

Now, let's say that we have 4 toys and we want to put them in 3 boxes. We can arrange them in different ways depending on which toy we put in which box. The Eulerian number tells us how many different ways we can do this.

But how does it work? Well, it's like a little formula that tells us what the Eulerian number is for a certain situation. We can use this formula to find out how many ways we can arrange the toys in the boxes.

So, for example, if we want to put 4 toys in 3 boxes, the Eulerian number would be 6. This means that there are 6 different ways that we can arrange the toys in the boxes. We could put two toys in one box and one toy in each of the other boxes, or we could put three toys in one box and one in another box, and so on.

Overall, Eulerian numbers are a really cool way to help us figure out how many different ways we can arrange things in different situations. It's like a little secret code that helps us solve puzzles and challenges!