ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Extravasation (intravenous)

Sometimes, we need medicine or fluids to help us feel better, especially when we are sick or having surgery. To get these things into our bodies, we go to the hospital or clinic where a special person called a nurse or doctor puts a thin tube called an IV into a vein in our body. The IV is like a straw that connects a bag of medicine or fluid to our body.

Sometimes, the medicine or fluid can go outside of the IV tube and into the tissues that are around the vein instead of staying inside the vein. This is called extravasation.

When this happens, it can cause pain, swelling, and redness in the area where the IV was placed. Depending on what kind of medicine was given, it can even cause damage to the skin or tissue in that area.

To prevent extravasation, the doctor or nurse will carefully check the IV site and the area around it to make sure there is no swelling or redness. They might also use special techniques, like using a smaller needle or checking the flow of the medicine or fluid to prevent it from going into the tissue around the vein.

If you ever experience pain, swelling, or redness where the IV was placed, it is important to tell your doctor or nurse right away so they can check and make sure everything is okay.