FMECA stands for Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis. It is a way of predicting what could go wrong in a system and how badly it might affect the system if something does go wrong. Think of it like a map of all the possible ways something could break in a system and how serious it might be. It helps to identify the most important issues that need to be checked and monitored, so that if something does go wrong, the system can be fixed quickly and efficiently.