ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Flip–flop kinetics

When you're playing with building blocks, sometimes you need to flip them over to make something new. Scientists use the same idea when they study how things change over time. They call it "flip-flop kinetics."

Imagine you have two pieces of candy, one green and one red. You decide to switch them back and forth between your hands every 5 seconds. After a few minutes, you will notice that sometimes you have the green candy in your hand and other times you have the red candy in your hand.

In science, we call this switching "flip-flopping." We can use this same idea to study how things change in chemistry. For example, imagine you have two chemicals in a beaker. They can react with each other and turn into a different chemical. This process can go back and forth between the two (called a reversible reaction).

Flip-flop kinetics is all about measuring how fast this reaction is happening. Scientists use special equations to calculate how long it takes for the reaction to flip-flop from one state to another.

Just like with the candy, sometimes the reaction will be in one state (more of one chemical) and sometimes it will be in the other state (more of the other chemical). This switch could happen very quickly or very slowly, depending on how the chemicals interact with each other.

By studying flip-flop kinetics, scientists can learn more about how reactions work and even use this information to design new chemicals or materials.