A flow limiter is like a small gate that controls how much water or gas can come out of a pipe. Imagine you are playing with your toys in a bathtub and you turn on the water too high, causing the bathtub to fill up too fast. Your parent puts a small cap on the faucet that limits how much water can come out, so the bathtub fills up at a safer speed. That's how a flow limiter works too, it controls how quickly a fluid (like water, gas or oil) can flow out of a pipe, and helps to prevent damage or dangerous situations that can result from too much flow. It's like a safety device for plumbing and other mechanical systems.