Okay kiddo, so you know how there are different types of matter, like solids, liquids, and gases? Well, gaseous ionization detectors are kinds of machines that use gas to find out if something is there or not.
The way these detectors work is they have a special gas inside of them that can be turned into a special state called a plasma. Plasma is kind of like a gas, but it has parts of it that are positive and parts that are negative, kind of like a magnet.
When something comes into the detector, like a tiny particle or even a beam of light, it can knock some of the positively charged parts out of their place in the plasma, leaving behind some negative particles. These negative particles can then be detected by the machine and it can tell us what kind of particle or light hit it.
Scientists use these detectors for all kinds of things, like in medical machines to help diagnose illnesses, or even to detect tiny particles that we can't see with our eyes. Pretty cool, huh?