ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Hamming bound

Okay kiddo, let me tell you about the Hamming Bound. Suppose you have a message that you want to send to your friend via a noisy channel, like a walkie-talkie or a phone call with bad reception. But sometimes the noise can change the message, so your friend might not get the exact message you sent.

The Hamming Bound is like a rule that helps you figure out how many errors can happen in your message before your friend can't figure out what you're trying to say anymore. You need to know the length of your message (which means how many bits or letters or symbols you're using), and the number of errors that could happen.

So, let's say your message is 10 bits long and you can tolerate 2 errors. The Hamming Bound tells you that you need to have at least 5 check bits in your message. Check bits are like little markers that tell you if there's been an error in your message.

By having these check bits, your friend can look at the bits they received and see if they match with the check bits. If there are too many differences, then they know there were too many errors in transmission and the message can't be recovered. But if there aren't too many differences, then your friend can use some math (like adding up the values of the check bits) to figure out what the original message was.

So the Hamming Bound helps us figure out how many check bits we need in our message to make sure that it can be transmitted and received accurately, even with a little bit of noise. Does that make sense, little one?