The illumination problem is a problem in computer vision and robotics. It happens when a robot or computer tries to look at a scene, but the amount of light in the scene is not even. This means some parts of the scene are too bright, and some are too dark. This makes it difficult for the computer or robot to recognize the objects in the scene. To fix the problem, people use techniques that make the light on the scene more even so the computer or robot can see the objects better.