Impedance microbiology is about using electricity to measure bacteria in liquids like water. Scientists use a special device that passes a small electrical current through a liquid, and then measures the resistance that the liquid has to the current. Different bacteria have different levels of resistance, so scientists can measure how many of each type of bacteria are in the liquid. This helps scientists figure out if there is a lot of a certain type of bacteria in the liquid, which can help them make sure that the liquid is safe to drink.