Islamic science refers to the scientific discoveries and advancements made by scholars and scientists who lived in Muslim societies during the medieval era. These scholars were mostly Muslims who lived in countries that were ruled by Islamic leaders, which is why the term "Islamic science" is used.
During the medieval era, scholars in Muslim societies made many important discoveries and advancements in various fields such as astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and chemistry. They built upon the knowledge of the ancient Greeks, Persians, and Indians, and also made many original discoveries of their own.
For example, Islamic astronomers made important observations of the stars and planets, and developed accurate mathematical models of their movements. They also made important contributions to trigonometry, the branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles.
Islamic physicians were also pioneers in the field of medicine, developing many new treatments and techniques for diagnosing and treating diseases. They also made important contributions to pharmacology, the study of drugs and their effects on the body.
Islamic scientists were also known for their work in the field of optics, the branch of physics that deals with the behavior of light. They developed accurate theories of light and vision, and made many important discoveries about the nature of light and how it travels.
Overall, Islamic science was an important part of the intellectual and cultural life of the medieval world. It helped to bridge the gap between the ancient world and the modern era, and contributed greatly to the development of modern science and technology.