The Italian Social Republic was a government created in Italy during World War II. It was a one-party state led by the fascist party. Its main aim was to keep Italy as part of the Axis powers, who were fighting against the Allies. This meant Italy was a part of Germany and Japan. The Italian Social Republic was popular among people who supported fascism and wanted Italy to stay a part of the Axis powers. People who were against fascism did not support the Italian Social Republic.