Jean Fourastié was a very smart man who lived a long time ago. He was born in France in the year 1907 and he was very interested in how things worked.
One thing that Jean Fourastié was really interested in was the economy. He wanted to know what made it go up and down, and how we could make it better. He studied this for a long time and came up with some very interesting ideas.
One of his most famous ideas was something called the "Three Sector Theory". This theory says that there are three different parts to the economy. The first part is called the "primary sector" and it includes things like farming, mining, and fishing. The second part is called the "secondary sector" and it includes things like factories and manufacturing. The third part is called the "tertiary sector" and it includes things like services, such as doctors, teachers, and shopkeepers.
Jean Fourastié also came up with another idea called the "Thirty Glorious Years". This was a time after World War II when the economy was doing really well. People were making more money, there were more jobs, and life was generally good. Jean Fourastié thought that this was because of new technologies and machines that were being invented. These machines made it easier and faster to do things, which meant that we could make more things and sell them for less money.
Overall, Jean Fourastié was a really smart guy who came up with some really interesting ideas about the economy. He taught us a lot about how it all works, and his ideas are still used today by economists all around the world!