Jewish Bolshevism is a term that was used in the early 1900s to describe Jews who were communists, also known as Bolsheviks. Being a Bolshevik meant that people believed that a revolution should happen in order to get rid of an old, corrupt government and create a fair, equal society. Jews were widely targeted by people who used this term in an effort to paint them as being responsible for the revolutionary ideas of communism. Even though the term was widely used, it was really not true. Most Jews were not Bolsheviks and those that did believe had their own reasons for wanting change.