ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Languages of Italy

So you know how there are different ways of speaking in different countries, right? Well, Italy is no different! In fact, there are a bunch of different ways people can speak in Italy – it’s like having lots of different flavors of ice cream to choose from!

The main language that most people in Italy speak is Italian. If you heard someone speaking Italian, you might recognize some words – like “ciao” (which means hello and goodbye), “pizza” (which is, well, pizza!), or “gelato” (which is Italian ice cream – yum!). Italian is also the official language of Italy, which means it’s the language used in government and schools.

But did you know that there are other languages that are spoken in different parts of Italy? These are called “regional languages” because they’re specific to certain regions or areas of the country. Some of these languages have been around for a really long time – even before Italian was a thing! Here are a few examples:

- Lombard: This is a regional language spoken in the Lombardy region in northern Italy. It’s been around for about a thousand years, and some people even consider it a separate language from Italian (kind of like how Spanish and Portuguese are different but they’re both spoken in Spain and Portugal). If you heard someone speaking Lombard, you might not understand everything they’re saying if you only know Italian.
- Sicilian: This is a regional language spoken on the island of Sicily (which is off the southern coast of Italy). It’s also been around for a really long time – some people think it’s even older than Italian! If you heard someone speaking Sicilian, you might not recognize many of the words they’re using if you only know Italian.
- Sardinian: This is a regional language spoken on the island of Sardinia (which is off the western coast of Italy). It’s also been around for a long time – some people think it might be the oldest language in Italy! If you heard someone speaking Sardinian, you might not be able to understand anything they’re saying if you only know Italian.

So why do people in different parts of Italy speak different languages? Well, it’s partly because Italy used to be split up into lots of different small kingdoms and city-states (kind of like how there used to be different kingdoms in Europe a long time ago). Each of these places had their own language or dialect, and even after Italy became a united country in the 1800s, people still kept speaking their own regional languages.

Today, many people in Italy still speak their regional languages as well as Italian. Some people even think it’s important to preserve these languages and keep them alive, even though Italian is the main language of the country. So if you ever go to Italy, don’t be surprised if you hear people speaking all kinds of different languages – it’s just part of what makes Italy such a unique and diverse place!