A lunge mine is a special kind of explosive that was used during World War II. It's called a "lunge" mine because it works by "lunging" or jumping out of the water toward the bottom of a ship.
Okay, imagine you're playing in the bath and you have a toy boat. Now, imagine that you have a special toy boat that can go underwater. If you put a special kind of explosive on it, you can make it explode when it touches the bottom of the bath. That's kind of what a lunge mine does, but instead of a toy boat, it's a real boat, and instead of a bath, it's the ocean.
The lunge mine is put in the water by a person or a submarine. When it's in the water, it sinks to the bottom and waits for a boat to come along. When the boat gets close, the lunge mine sends out a signal that makes it jump up out of the water like a big jumping fish. When it reaches the bottom of the boat, it explodes and causes a lot of damage.
The reason why lunge mines were used during World War II was because submarines could sneak up on boats and attach them without the boat knowing it was there. This made it much easier for countries to attack their enemies without being seen.
So a lunge mine is a kind of explosive that can "jump" out of the water to attack boats. It was used during World War II so that countries could surprise their enemies and cause a lot of damage.